Plant for manufacturing gas.



. Patented Apr. 22, i902.v l F. W. C. SCHNIEWIND. PLANT FORMANUFACTURING GAS.

(Application med mig. 2a, 1900.) I'

v sheets-snm 2.

-(No Model.)

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'NfiTED STATES ATENT OFFICE.

FREDERIC WILLIAM CHARLES SCHNIEWIND, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THEUNITED COKE GAS COMPANY, OF CHARLESTON, WEST `VIR- GINIA, ANDPHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF WEST VIRGINIA.

PLANTy FOR MANuFAoruRlNoV cAs.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 698,063, dated April22, 1902.

l Application tiled August 29, 1900. Serial No. 28,39l. (No model.)

To all whom it'mag/ concern: Be it known that I, FREDERIQWILLIAM CHARLESScHNiEwIND, a citizen of the United States of America, residingin thecity, county,y

accompanying drawings, which form a part` 1o thereof.

My inven tion relates to apparatus for manufacturing gas, and isespecially intended for use in applying a certain new method ofmanufacturing gas invented by me and forming I5 the subject-matter of myother application for Letters Patent, filed August 29, 1900, Se-

rial No. 28,390.

In my pending application, iiled on the 8th of January, 1900, Serial No.653, I have dezo scribed a method of manufacturing gas in whichgasproduced in one or more, preferably a multiple, series of closedexternallyheated retorts, such as coke-ovens, is divided linto twoportions, one of said portions being preferably richer in illuminantsthan the other, the one portionthat poor in illuminants-being thensubjected to treatment to extract from it such illuminante as itcontains, said illuminants being then mixed with 3o the richer portionof gas in order to increase its illuminating power and the portion ofgas robbed of its illuminants being preferably used to heat the ovens orretorts. This process, while affording a large amount of high 3 5 gradeand cheap illuminating-gas, is subjected to certain limitations asapplied in practice-first, because a certain amount ot' gas beingrequired to heat the ovens or retorts only the residual gas of thatproduced" is 4o available for use as illuminating-gas, and this undercertain conditions is considerably-less' than the amount of gas whichthe available i -illuminants would enrich to astandardvdef grec; second,the illuminating-gas thus pro-V tillation, and therefore involvesconsiderable expenses in its purification. so

The object of my invention is to provide a suitable apparatus by whichan increased amount of illuminating-gas may be produced and by whichsaid increased volume of gas contains a smaller percentage of sulfurousimpurities, and this I accomplish by providing a water-gas generatorand, connecting it so that it will deliver its-produced water-gas intothe receiver for the enriched gas produced in the ovens; also,preferably connecting said generator so that the producer-gas resultingfrom the blowing-up operation will .be delivered into the receiverV forthe poor gas and delivered in admixture with said gas to thegas-furnaces heating the ovens. Way I provide at the same time for` anyincreased volume ot' rich gas, the actual volume being regulable sothat any desired standard of illumination can be secured. The in,creased volume available is `not'only because of the admixture ot thewater-,gasrwith the enriched port-ion of the gas,but also because alarger amount of surplus production of retort-gas is available forilluminating purposes, owing to the fact that the producer-gas takes 75theplace of a certain percentage of retortgas which would otherwise benecessary for heating the ovens. The method above indicated forms thesubject-,matter of my before-mentioned application, filed August 29,1900, Serial-No. 28,390, myv present invention being strictly limitedtowhatfis'newvin the apparatus especially devised fory carrying 'saidmethod into effect 'and which apparatus isfillustrated in the ac- 85companying drawings,forming part of In this two gas-outlet conduits,(indicated at a and d',) the respective conduits connecting throughpipes co2 and a5 with the mains B and B", valves a4 and a5 beingprovided to close the connection with either main at will. The main B,through which the richer portion of the gas generated in the ovens isdrawn, connects in the condensing-house with the usual apparatus, asindicated, said apparatus consisting of spray-Washers c c', coolers c2c3 c4, a tar-scrubber c5, an exhauster c5, iinal cooler c7, andbell-Washers o8 c2, the gas treated in this apparatus passing thenthrough the mains B2 and B5, through either one or both of the conduits24 and B5, having valves o b5 and connecting with the purifying-chambersG and G', which in turn connect through the pipes B5 and B with the pipeB5, leadingto a receiver l. The other main B', into Which the poor gasesare delivered, passes through a similar condensing plant, (indicated atthe iop of Fig. 1,) thence through the pipe Bw into the oil-scrubber D',from which it passes through the pipe B11 to the second oil-scrubber D,passing thence through the pipe B2 to the poor-gas receiver K.

D2 is a reservoir containing oil having the property of absorbingilluminants from gas and connected through a pipe E, having a sprayingdevice at its end, with the head of the scrubber D, both the scrubbers Dand D being, as shown, ittted with a multiple series ot' transverseperforated partitions. From the bottom of the scrubber D the oil isdrawn bya pump e through the pipe E into the head of the scrubber D',and from the bottom of this scrubber the oil passes through the pipe E2to the reservoir D2, from which it is drawn by the pump e' through thepipe E3 into the top of the still D4, in which the absorbed illuminantsare driven oif from the oil passing through the pipe F, While the oilfreed of illuminants passing through the pipe E4 into the receiver D5,from Which, as shown, it is drawn by the pump e2and forced through thepipe E5, through the cooler D5, and thence through the pipe E5 into thereservoir D2.

B9 indicates a pipe through which a certain amount of gas is forced fromthe lnain B2 into the still D4, said gas facilitating the distillationof the illnminants and passing with them through the pipe F, preferably,as shown in Fig. l, to a point in the condenser-house for the rich gason the suction side of the exhauster c5.

L indicates a Water-gas generator of the usual type having air and steampipes, (indicated at P and P'.)

L indicates a gas-delivery passage for the Water-gas, which connectswith a 'reserveholder O, as shown, through either the conduit L5, theWasher and condensers N2 N3 N", and pipe L5, or through the carburetingplant, (indicated at the left-hand side of Fig. 1,) comprising, asshown, the carbureter and super-heater N N', the Washer N2, andcondensers N2 N5, the gas after leaving the carbureting plant passingthrough main L5 to the reserve-holder O.

Z' indicates the valve by means of which the gas-conduit pipe L can beeither closed or connected with the reserve holder O, through either ofthe alternative connections described. From the holder O the gas isdrawn by an exhauster o and forced through mains L5 into thepurifying-chamber G2. Thence through the meter H and main L5 it entersthe receiver I, Where it mixes with the enriched gas from the ovens.

The water-gas generator L has also a second gas-exhaust pipe L2 for theproducer-gas, said pipe having a valve Z2 and connecting through awasher M and pipe L with the poor-gas holder K, Where it mixes With thepoor gas from the ovens. This poor gas is drawn through the main Q intothe common delivery-pipe Q', which in turn connects by a series of pipesq with burners q2, (see Fig. 3,) said burners being situated in thegasfurnace chambers Q2 Q2, by means of 'which the ovens A are heated.

The operation of my plant is practically indicated in the abovedescription.

To recapitulate brief-ly, the ovens A' are connected when producing richgas with the main B and when producing poor gas with the main B'. Bothof these mains connect with condensing plants of usual type, by means ofwhich the gases are partly purified and particularly are freed fromtarry matterand from ammonia. The poor gas after being subjected to thecondensing operations is deprived of its illuminants by being scrubbedwith oil in the scrubbers D and D and is then delivered into the holderK. The oil used for scrubbing the poor gas is drawn from the scrubbersinto the still D4, Where the illuminante are drawn off from it, andconducted into the main or conduit carrying the rich gas from the ovens,preferably, as indicated, on the suction side of the exhauster c5, andthe enriched gases are then carried either th rough thepurifyingchambers G and G, in accordance with the amount of purificationnecessary, and stored in the receiver I. Vthile the gas produced by thefuel treated in the ovens is undergoing the foregoing treatment anotherbody of carbonaceous material is subjected in the generator L toalternate blasts of air and steam. The gas produced While air is beingused to blow up the generator is carried through the pipe L2 and itsconnections to the poor-gas receiver K, While the Water-gas producedwhen the steam is turned on is carried to the reserve-holder O, beingfirst carbureted, if desired, and thence, through the purifying-chamberG2, passes to the receiver I, Where it mixes with the enriched gas fromthe ovens and is delivered to the city mains or point of use, passingthrough the meterhouse J. The poor` gas from the holder K is carriedthrough the mains Q to the gas-fur- IOO IOS

IIO

While my application is chieIiy-intended.

for-use where the described treatment of the retort-gases is practicedand the illuminants absorbed from one portion of said gas are mixed withthe other portion, itis also useful where no separation of Ailluminantsis made, and as I believe the described combination of the retort systemand water-gas plant to be new irrespective of' the presence of theapparatus for extracting illu miuants I therefore wish to claim itbroadly.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire' tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A plant for manufacturing gas havingin combination a series ofexternally-heated gas-retorts having gas-furnaces for heating them, twoconduits, each connected to receive gas from one or more of the retorts,a

connection from one of said conduits to the gas-furnaces and aconnection from the other conduit to a gas-reservoir, a water-gasgenerator adapted to produce alternately water and producer gas,connections from said generator to the two conduits leading from theretorts and means as valves whereby the water-gas is directed into thereservoir and the producer-gas into the gas-furnaces.

2. A plant for manufacturing gas havingr in combination two or moreexternally-heated gas-retorts, two conduits, each connected toreceivegas from one or more of the retorts, an apparatus for extractingillu minants connected to treat the gas passing through one of saidconduits and to deliver the extracted illuminants to the other conduit,a water-gas generator and connections from said generator to the conduitcarrying the enriched gas.

3. A plant for manufacturing gas having in combination two or moreexternally-heated gas-retorts having gas-furnaces for heating them, twoconduits, each connected to receive gas from one or more of the retorts,an apparatus for extracting illuminants connected to treat the gaspassing through one of said conduits and to deliver the extractedilluminants to the other conduit, a reservoir arranged to receive thegas treated for the extraction of illuminants, a water-gas generatoradapted to produce alternately water and producer gas, connections fromsaid gas-generator to the poor-gas reservoir and to the enriched-gasconduit and valves for directing the gases through either connection atwill.

4. A plant for manufacturing gas having in combination aV series ofclosed externallyheated gas-retorts, two conduits leading from saidretorts and means for connecting said conduit-s with each retort atwill, apparatus for extracting illu minants from gas arranged to connectwith one conduit so as to treat the gases passing through it and toconnect with the other conduit to deliver the extracted illuminantstherein in admixture with the gases passing through it and a water-gasgenerator connected to deliver water-gas into the conduit containing theenriched gas.

5. A plant for manufacturing gas having in combination a series ofclosed externallyheated gas-retorts, two conduits leading froml saidretorts and means for connecting said conduits with each retort at will,apparatus for `extracting illuminants from gas arranged to connect withone conduit so as to treat the gases passing through itand to connectwith the other conduit to deliver the extracted illuminants therein inadmixture with the gases passing through it, a water-gas generator, acarhureting plant, and connections from the water-gas generator to theconduitycontaining the enriched gas both direct and through thecarbureter plant.

6. A plant for manufacturing gas having in combination a series ofclosed externallyheated gas-retorts provided with gas-furnaces forheating them, two conduits for the gas produced in the retorts, meansfor connecting each retort with either conduit at will, apparatus forextracting illuminants from gas connected to treat the gas 'passingthrough one conduit and 'to deliver the extractedilluminants into thegas in the other conduit, a reservoir arranged to receive the gas robbedof its illuminants and connected to deliver'gas to the gas-furnacesheating the retorts, a generator adapted to produce alternately waterand producer gas, a connection from said generator to the rich-gasconduit, a second connection from said generator tothe poor-gasreservoir and valves whereby the said connections can be opened orclosed atwill.

` FREDERIC WILLIAM CHARLES SCHNIEWIND.

l Witnesses:

D. W. KINCAID, M. A. Gronxs.

ICC

